Fire dampers, also known as fire dampers or smoke exhaust valves, are important equipment used for fire prevention and smoke exhaust in modern buildings. Its working principle is mainly based on temperature sensing and control mechanisms, ensuring that air circulation can be quickly cut off in the event of a fire, preventing the spread of fire and smoke, and providing conditions for personnel evacuation and firefighting rescue.
working principle
The fire damper mainly consists of the following parts: valve body, temperature sensor, actuator, control circuit, and manual operation device.
1. Valve body: The valve body is the main structure of the air valve, usually made of high-temperature resistant materials to ensure structural integrity even in high temperature environments.
2. Temperature sensor: The temperature sensor is a key component of the fire damper, usually made of fusible alloy or thermal sensitive element. When the ambient temperature reaches the set value (usually 70 ℃), the sensor will undergo a physical change due to the increase in temperature, triggering a signal.
3. Execution mechanism: The execution mechanism responds to the signal from the temperature sensor and drives the valve to close through electric or pneumatic means. Electric actuators typically include components such as motors, gearboxes, and transmission shafts; Pneumatic actuators use compressed air as a power source.
4. Control circuit: The control circuit is responsible for receiving signals from the temperature sensor and driving the actuator to operate. Under normal circumstances, the circuit keeps the valve open. Once a high temperature signal is detected, the circuit will immediately cut off the power supply, causing the valve to automatically close.
5. Manual operation device: In emergency situations, the manual operation device allows on-site personnel to manually close the air valve to ensure reliable operation of the system.
Workflow
1. Normal state: In the absence of a fire, the fire damper remains open, allowing air circulation and ensuring the normal operation of the air conditioning and ventilation systems.
2. Fire alarm: Once a fire occurs, the temperature sensor detects an increase in ambient temperature, reaching the preset trigger value.
3. Signal transmission: The temperature sensor transmits the signal to the control circuit, which immediately responds by cutting off the power or starting the pneumatic actuator.
4. Valve closure: The actuator operates to drive the valve plate to close, cutting off the air circulation in the air duct and preventing the spread of fire and smoke through the duct.
5. Maintain closed state: After the valve is closed, the control circuit keeps the valve in the closed state until it is manually reset or a command to reopen is issued by the fire control system.
epilogue
The design and application of fire dampers are an indispensable part of modern building fire safety systems. Through precise temperature sensing and reliable actuators, fire dampers can quickly respond in the event of a fire, effectively controlling the spread of fire and smoke, and creating favorable conditions for personnel evacuation and firefighting rescue. With the continuous advancement of technology, future fire dampers will become more intelligent and automated, further improving the fire safety level of buildings.
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- Guangzhou Xinhong Automation Equipment Co., Ltd
Phone: 19902262008
Phone: 13332800523
WeChat: 19902262008
Q Q：1361329851
Email: Eason.su@gzxinhongtech.com.cn
Address: Room F736, 3rd Floor, Building A, No.1 Yingjun Road, Zhuji Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou (for office use only)
Working principle of fire damper
View：816 Release Date：2024/9/5 20:54:49